Journal Description
Sustainability
Sustainability
is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access journal on environmental, cultural, economic, and social sustainability of human beings, published semimonthly online by MDPI. The Canadian Urban Transit Research & Innovation Consortium (CUTRIC), International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB) and Urban Land Institute (ULI) are affiliated with Sustainability and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE and SSCI (Web of Science), GEOBASE, GeoRef, Inspec, AGRIS, RePEc, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Environmental Studies) / CiteScore - Q1 (Geography, Planning and Development)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 18.8 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 3.6 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Testimonials: See what our editors and authors say about Sustainability.
- Companion journals for Sustainability include: World, Sustainable Chemistry, Conservation, Future Transportation, Architecture, Standards, Merits and Wind.
Impact Factor:
3.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
4.0 (2022)
Latest Articles
The Influence of Organic Food Purchase Intention on Household Food Waste: Insights from Brazil
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3795; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093795 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
An emerging trend among consumers is the pursuit of healthier eating habits while minimizing environmental damage, thus increasing the intention for consumption of organic foods. In this context, this study hypothesizes that household food waste is influenced by organic food purchase intention, which,
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An emerging trend among consumers is the pursuit of healthier eating habits while minimizing environmental damage, thus increasing the intention for consumption of organic foods. In this context, this study hypothesizes that household food waste is influenced by organic food purchase intention, which, in turn, is influenced by environmental concern, health consciousness, hedonic shopping, and negatively affected by price. Hence, the objective of this study is to propose and empirically test a theoretical framework with Brazilian consumers. Data from 240 respondents were electronically collected and analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results suggest that environmental concern, price consciousness, and health consciousness significantly influence organic food purchase intention, while hedonic shopping value does not. Furthermore, although organic food purchase intention reduced household food waste, the effect size of this relationship was found to be extremely low, suggesting it to be a poor predictor. This paper contributes to the existing literature on consumer behavior and waste management further by not only examining the relationship between two research streams but also by shedding light on unique aspects of an emerging country.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thoughts on Food—Consumer Food Waste from an Interdisciplinary Perspective)
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Open AccessArticle
Application of Calcium Carbonate in the Pharmaceutical Removal Process
by
Izabela Zielińska, Daniel Polak, Aleksandra Jurkiewicz, Julia Osełkowska, Aleksandra Lorek, Michał Stor, Andrzej Krasiński, Paweł Gierycz and Maciej Szwast
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3794; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093794 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
One way to reduce the negative impact of human activity on the natural environment is to use natural, easily available and relatively cheap to produce compounds in industrial processes. One such compound is naturally occurring calcium carbonate (CaCO3). This compound has
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One way to reduce the negative impact of human activity on the natural environment is to use natural, easily available and relatively cheap to produce compounds in industrial processes. One such compound is naturally occurring calcium carbonate (CaCO3). This compound has adsorption properties so that it can be an alternative to commonly used adsorbents. The aim of this work is to determine the possibility of using CaCO3 to remove pharmaceutical substances such as sulfadiazine and tetracycline from water. The CaCO3 used in this work was synthesised using our own method, which allows the production of CaCO3 particles with nanometric size. In the conducted research, calcium carbonate was used in the form of a suspension in purified solutions and as an inorganic filling of the developed membranes. The mass of pharmaceutical substances removed from their aqueous solutions was determined in the tests carried out. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that CaCO3 has the ability to adsorb both tetracycline and sulfadiazine. In suspension tests, the mass of the removed substances per unit mass of adsorbent was 1.52 mg/g and 6.85 mg/g, respectively. In turn, in the case of the integrated process using the developed membranes, the mass of the removed substances per unit mass of adsorbent was 109 mg/g and 97 mg/g.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Towards a Sustainable Management of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater)
Open AccessArticle
How Teachers Contribute to the Sustainability of the University Brand: Evidence from China
by
Shangfeng Jiang and Fujun Xiao
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3793; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093793 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
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A brand strategy is a powerful guarantee for a university to enhance its reputation and sustainable development. An internal brand is the foundation of a university brand. Based on three variables—internal market orientation, teachers’ organizational identity, and teachers’ brand support behavior, a research
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A brand strategy is a powerful guarantee for a university to enhance its reputation and sustainable development. An internal brand is the foundation of a university brand. Based on three variables—internal market orientation, teachers’ organizational identity, and teachers’ brand support behavior, a research model is constructed on a university’s internal brand formation mechanisms. To summarize how teachers support the university’s internal brand building, we analyzed the relationship between the three variables. This study used a three-stage sampling survey method to distribute 500 questionnaires and recovered 419 valid samples. The data from the valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed using two software programs—SPSS 24.0 and Mplus 7.2. This survey and analysis found that the three internal market orientation dimensions (internal information collection, internal communication, and feedback) are significantly positively correlated with teachers’ organizational identity and brand support behavior. Teachers’ organizational identity is not only significantly positively correlated with brand support behavior, but also mediates the relationship between the three dimensions of internal market orientation and brand support behavior. Universities should pay attention to the key roles of teachers in brand building and regard internal market orientation as an important tool for internal brand building.
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Open AccessArticle
Development and Effectiveness of an Agro-Healing Program Utilizing Rural Resources to Relieve Stress in Adults
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Kyoung-Hee Park and Sin-Ae Park
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3792; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093792 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop an agro-healing program using rural resources for stressed adults and to measure its effectiveness. A one-day agro-healing program was developed using the resources of a care farm located in Cheongju, South Korea. A total of
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The purpose of this study was to develop an agro-healing program using rural resources for stressed adults and to measure its effectiveness. A one-day agro-healing program was developed using the resources of a care farm located in Cheongju, South Korea. A total of 37 adults in their 20s to 50s who were experiencing mild or more severe stress participated in the agro-healing program. Analysis of stress-related psychological and emotional indicators of the agro-healing program revealed that post-treatment stress, anxiety, and depression indicators of the healing program significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, mood state, vitality, and resilience indicators increased significantly, which demonstrated effectiveness in improving the mental health of participants with mental health issues. A Pearson correlation analysis between each psychological and emotional variable after the program found that stress had a significant correlation with all variables. Subjective vitality had a full mediating effect on the relationship between stress and resilience. Finally, the one-day agro-healing program was found to help relieve symptoms in adults with stress.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Health, Well-Being and Sustainability)
Open AccessReview
The Role of Natural Gas in the Socio-Technical Transition to a Carbon-Neutral Society and a Review of the European Union’s Framework
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Ivor Kulušić, Lucija Jukić, Ivan Smajla and Daria Karasalihović Sedlar
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3791; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093791 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
The urgent need for a significant reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions indicates that the change in the world’s energy mix is inevitable. In the power production sector, this would be achieved through decarbonization with renewables, and within the transport sector, this would
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The urgent need for a significant reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions indicates that the change in the world’s energy mix is inevitable. In the power production sector, this would be achieved through decarbonization with renewables, and within the transport sector, this would be achieved by switching to alternative fuels and electric vehicles. However, this transition is neither fast nor cheap, and it will be gradual. The main goal of this article is to propose a feasible change in the present energy mix and to compare natural gas with other fuels used in power production and transport. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the current system (traditional fossil fuels) and the potential future system (higher share of natural gas) in energy generation and transport were identified, and the influence of recent global trends was analyzed. Natural gas seems to be a viable solution that can help in the transition to a zero-carbon-emissions society.
Full article
Open AccessArticle
Simulation-Based Resilience Evaluation for Urban Rail Transit Transfer Stations
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Xinyao Yin, Junhua Chen and Yuexuan Li
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3790; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093790 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Disturbances often occur in transfer stations; however, little is known about the weaknesses of transfer stations and their ability to cope with passenger flows. Therefore, this paper introduces resilience into the study of transfer stations to enhance their emergency response processes and improve
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Disturbances often occur in transfer stations; however, little is known about the weaknesses of transfer stations and their ability to cope with passenger flows. Therefore, this paper introduces resilience into the study of transfer stations to enhance their emergency response processes and improve the sustainability of URT networks. It establishes a two-level fuzzy evaluation model, using the G1 weighting method, to assess resilience across various scenarios (daily operation, heavy passenger flow, and emergencies) and identify weaknesses; then, corresponding enhancement strategies are proposed. First, factor sets are established according to resilience stages, including rapidity before disturbance, robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity after disturbance. Using the G1 method, the weight matrix for each factor is calibrated, and a membership degree matrix is determined based on their affiliation with the review set. Multiplying the weight matrix and membership degree matrix yields the resilience value. We apply these steps to a representative station with the assistance of Anylogic simulation in calculating the hard-to-obtain data, yielding a peak-hour resilience value of 0.3425, which indicates a “poor” rating in the review set. By combining the peak-hour resilience with resilience curves under different multiples of peak-hour flows, an enhancement prioritization strategy is proposed for the station, which can act as a reference for the management of URT transfer stations.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Sustainable Development of Transportation)
Open AccessArticle
Assessing Multilateral Development Bank ESG Safeguard Integration with International Sustainability Ratings
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Damián Rodríguez Estévez and Rosa María Arce Ruíz
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3789; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093789 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
In an era where sustainability is paramount, this study critically assesses how multilateral development banks (MDBs) integrate internationally recognized sustainability indicators into their ESG safeguard policies. MDBs have historically incorporated policies to manage environmental and social risks in project financing; yet, protections against
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In an era where sustainability is paramount, this study critically assesses how multilateral development banks (MDBs) integrate internationally recognized sustainability indicators into their ESG safeguard policies. MDBs have historically incorporated policies to manage environmental and social risks in project financing; yet, protections against negative impacts in developing countries often remain insufficient. On the other hand, several infrastructure sustainability rating systems have been established around the world in recent decades due to economic growth and the importance of controlling environmental impacts associated with the construction sector. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether and how the indicators that these internationally recognized systems use to rate whether a project is sustainable are integrated into these safeguards by using several methodologies, including an analysis of existing documentation, a high-level matrix, and qualitative methods based on co-occurrences using specialized “atlas ti” software. The results show that MDBs’ coverage of financial, governance, and country risks lacks the sustainability focus found in these rating systems. Therefore, this study that concludes MDB safeguards must evolve, balancing comprehensive sustainability parameters and detailed management guidelines and addressing impacts beyond statutory frameworks to encourage stakeholder engagement for more sustainable infrastructure projects.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Policy as a Tool for Sustainable Development)
Open AccessArticle
An Optimization Algorithm for Embedded Raspberry Pi Pico Controllers for Solar Tree Systems
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K. Punitha, Akhlaqur Rahman, A. S. Radhamani, Ramakrishna S S Nuvvula, Sk. A. Shezan, Syed Riyaz Ahammed, Polamarasetty P. Kumar and Md Fatin Ishraque
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3788; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093788 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems stand out as a promising solution for generating clean, carbon-free energy. However, traditional solar panel installations often require extensive land resources, which could become scarce as the population grows. To address this challenge, innovative approaches are needed to maximize
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Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems stand out as a promising solution for generating clean, carbon-free energy. However, traditional solar panel installations often require extensive land resources, which could become scarce as the population grows. To address this challenge, innovative approaches are needed to maximize solar power generation within limited spaces. One promising concept involves the development of biological tree-like structures housing solar panels. These “solar trees” mimic the arrangement of branches and leaves found in natural trees, following patterns akin to phyllotaxy, which correlates with the Fibonacci sequence and golden ratio. By adopting an alternative 1:3 phyllotaxy pattern, three solar panels can be efficiently arranged along the stem of the solar tree structure, each rotated at a 120-degree displacement. Optimizing the performance of solar trees requires effective maximum power point tracking (MPPT), a crucial process for extracting the maximum available power from solar panels to enhance the overall efficiency. In this study, a novel metaheuristic algorithm called horse herd optimization (HHO) is employed for MPPT in solar tree applications. Moreover, to efficiently manage the generated power, a cascaded buck–boost converter is utilized. This converter is capable of adjusting the DC voltage levels to match the system requirements within a single topology. The algorithm is implemented using MATLAB and embedded within a Raspberry Pi Pico controller, which facilitates the generation of pulse-width modulation (PWM) signals to control the cascaded buck–boost converter. Through extensive validation, this study confirms the effectiveness of the proposed HHO algorithm integrated into the Raspberry Pi Pico controller for optimizing solar trees under various shading conditions. In essence, this research highlights the potential of solar tree structures coupled with advanced MPPT algorithms and power management systems to maximize solar energy utilization, offering a sustainable solution for clean energy generation within limited land resources.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Renewable Energy and Energy Systems: New Concept, Design, and Optimization)
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Open AccessArticle
Best Business Models for the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Sector: Patterns for Innovation
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Sebastian Schroedel
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3787; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093787 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Mankind’s consumption exceeds our natural resources, so among other things, the development of new business models at the company level is needed. This paper aims to generate systematic business model innovations in the field of fast-moving consumer goods using business model patterns to
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Mankind’s consumption exceeds our natural resources, so among other things, the development of new business models at the company level is needed. This paper aims to generate systematic business model innovations in the field of fast-moving consumer goods using business model patterns to foster sustainability. Based on a literature search, the most relevant patterns for the industry are identified as part of a multi-stage selection process that is based on the value generated by the patterns. Expert surveys are the central instrument for data collection. Here, the connection of the patterns to the strategy is central. The result is a list of relevant patterns, which includes patterns from completely external industries. This is the first evaluation of its kind, which shows that patterns focusing only on the circular economy are not enough to succeed and, therefore, break the scientific paradigm.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Business Model Innovation and Corporate Sustainability)
Open AccessArticle
Analyzing GDP Growth Drivers in Saudi Arabia: Investment or Consumption: An Evidence-Based ARDL-Bound Test Approach
by
Mwahib Gasmelsied Ahmed Mohammed
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3786; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093786 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
This study delves into the intricate interplay of economic growth components, specifically focusing on consumption and investment in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2022. Employing vector error correction models and co-integration techniques, we analyze the short- and long-term dynamics within the relationship of
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This study delves into the intricate interplay of economic growth components, specifically focusing on consumption and investment in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2022. Employing vector error correction models and co-integration techniques, we analyze the short- and long-term dynamics within the relationship of consumption, investment, and economic growth. Granger causality analysis is also used to discern these pivotal variables’ causal connections. Our empirical analysis reveals a persistent long-term cointegration relationship among the variables, underscoring the enduring nature of their interdependency. Furthermore, our findings highlight consumption and investment’s statistically significant positive impact on economic growth. Notably, the short-term analysis unveils a stable model characterized by an annual adjustment to equilibrium of 100%. Moreover, the Granger causality study demonstrates unidirectional causal linkages among consumption, investment, and economic growth. These findings hold substantial implications for policy formulation in Saudi Arabia. Policymakers must grasp the ramifications of burgeoning prosperity and evolving private consumption patterns on future environmental outcomes. Achieving sustainable long-term results necessitates equal emphasis on bolstering private consumption and fostering other facets of economic growth.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Economic Growth, Environment and Sustainability)
Open AccessArticle
Towards Sustainable Production: An Adaptive Intelligent Optimization Genetic Algorithm for Solid Wood Panel Manufacturing
by
Jingzhe Yang, Yili Zheng and Jian Wu
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3785; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093785 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Optimizing production processes to conserve resources and reduce waste has become crucial in pursuing sustainable manufacturing practices. The solid wood panel industry, marked by substantial raw materials and energy consumption, stands at the forefront of addressing this challenge. This research delves into production
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Optimizing production processes to conserve resources and reduce waste has become crucial in pursuing sustainable manufacturing practices. The solid wood panel industry, marked by substantial raw materials and energy consumption, stands at the forefront of addressing this challenge. This research delves into production scheduling and equipment utilization inefficiencies, offering innovative solutions for the solid wood panel processing line aimed at achieving environmental sustainability and operational efficiency. The study is articulated through two main segments: (1) an exhaustive analysis and the development of a simulation system for the solid wood panel processing line, delineating all production elements and operational logic, furnished with a user-friendly simulation interface, and (2) a comprehensive evaluation and enhancement of various scheduling algorithms specific to the Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) encountered in solid wood panel workshops. A significant leap forward is made with the introduction of the Adaptive Intelligent Optimization Genetic Algorithm (AIOGA), an evolved version of the standard Genetic Algorithm (GA) engineered for optimal scheduling within the solid wood panel processing line. AIOGA incorporates advanced features such as encoding strategy, population initialization, objective function setting, selection strategy, crossover operation, and mutation operation, demonstrating the methodological depth of the study. We applied AIOGA in a designed FJSP, and AIOGA substantially reduced the maximum completion time to 90 min. It evidenced an improvement of 39.60% over the conventional GA, enhancing the equilibrium of the equipment workload across the system. This research presents a multifaceted strategy to address the scheduling complications inherent in solid wood panel production and highlights the extensive applicability of adaptive intelligent optimization in diverse industrial settings. This study establishes a new paradigm in manufacturing optimization, underlining the valuable integration of sustainability and efficiency in production methodologies.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Industrial Engineering: Innovation, Risk and Flexible Manufacturing 2nd Edition)
Open AccessArticle
Vegetation Analysis in the Archaeological Area of Pasargadae WHS (Iran) Enhancing the Naturalistic Value of the Site within the Occurring Environmental Changes
by
Giulio Zangari, Zohreh Hosseini and Giulia Caneva
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3784; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093784 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
This study provides pioneering research on the vegetation of archaeological areas in Iran to enhance its naturalistic and bioindication values by selecting the Pasargadae World Heritage Site (WHS). Vegetation surveys were carried out in different homogeneous habitats, analyzing the plant communities through statistical
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This study provides pioneering research on the vegetation of archaeological areas in Iran to enhance its naturalistic and bioindication values by selecting the Pasargadae World Heritage Site (WHS). Vegetation surveys were carried out in different homogeneous habitats, analyzing the plant communities through statistical elaboration, syntaxonomic role, mapping, and enhancement of plants with conservation interest. In an ecological approach, the study included an analysis of the recent climate changes and human interventions influencing the water resources. Results revealed seven main vegetation types reflecting ecological gradients shaped by environmental, edaphic, and anthropogenic factors. The syntaxonomic analysis showed a primary subdivision in semi-natural grasslands and synanthropic vegetation. Several key species were identified as bioindicators of multiple factors, such as: Launaea acanthodes, Stipa barbata, Alhagi maurorum, Bellevalia saviczii, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Convolvulus arvensis, and Hordeum murinum. The vegetation map showed how the hilly grassland communities hosted the highest number of species with conservation interest and their need to be better protected. Bio-climatic data, such as the construction of dams and the exploitation for irrigation purposes, pointed to the increasing xeric conditions, which make urging conservation efforts for the site’s historical and naturalistic values. The study underscores the importance of preserving places with high plant diversity for effective site management, and enhances the intricate relationship between vegetation and natural features in the occurring environmental changes.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regional Climate Change and Application of Remote Sensing)
Open AccessArticle
Optimizing Integrated Water and Electrical Networks through a Holistic Water–Energy Nexus Approach
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Mennatalla Elbalki, Mostafa F. Shaaban, Ahmed Osman, Ariana Pietrasanta, Mohammed Kamil and Abdelfatah Ali
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3783; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093783 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
As water and electrical networks cannot be entirely independent, a more integrated approach, the water–energy nexus (WEN), is developed. A WEN is the basis of a smart city where water and electrical networks are interconnected and integrated by implementing efficient management strategies. Accordingly,
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As water and electrical networks cannot be entirely independent, a more integrated approach, the water–energy nexus (WEN), is developed. A WEN is the basis of a smart city where water and electrical networks are interconnected and integrated by implementing efficient management strategies. Accordingly, this study develops a dynamic co-optimization model for designing and operating an integrated power and water system. The proposed co-optimization model minimizes the total annual and operational costs of a micro-WEN system while capturing its optimum design values and operating conditions and meeting the demands of the electrical and water networks. Furthermore, this work presents a plan for transitioning from thermal desalination to reverse osmosis (RO) desalination in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The key objective is to decouple electricity and water production, effectively tackling the issue of operating the UAE’s power plants at low efficiency during the winter while ensuring an adequate water supply to meet the growing demand. The results show that the co-optimization model provides a significant reduction in the total operational cost with the integration of photovoltaic energy and shifting to RO. Most importantly, the micro-WEN system is optimized over multiple timescales to reduce the computation effort and memory requirements.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Energy Sustainability)
Open AccessArticle
Determinants of Smallholder Farmers’ Adoption of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices in Zomba, Eastern Malawi
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Feston Ken Shani, Mirriam Joshua and Cosmo Ngongondo
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3782; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093782 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Smallholder farmers in Malawi largely depend on rainfed agriculture, despite climate change posing serious threats to this form of agriculture. The adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices is pivotal in offsetting the effects of climate change on agriculture. Despite the great potential of climate-smart
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Smallholder farmers in Malawi largely depend on rainfed agriculture, despite climate change posing serious threats to this form of agriculture. The adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices is pivotal in offsetting the effects of climate change on agriculture. Despite the great potential of climate-smart agricultural practices in combating the effects of climate change on agriculture, smallholder farmers’ adoption of it remains low. Reasons are varied, suggesting that the factors are largely contextual. This study, therefore, explored the determinants of smallholder farmers’ adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices in Zomba, within the framework of the diffusion of innovations. Using a convergent mixed research design, the study purposively selected key informants and randomly selected smallholder farmers. Questionnaires, interviews, and observation guides were used to collect data. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data, while descriptive analysis was used to analyse quantitative data. Results indicate that only 26% of smallholder farmers have adopted the promoted climate-smart agricultural practices. Compatibility and simplicity are the chief determinants of climate-smart agricultural practice adoption. The majority of smallholder farmers fall under the late majority. Evidence shows that labour and capital intensive climate-smart agricultural practices are less likely to be adopted by smallholder farmers. Implementing agencies, therefore, should first consult the local farmers on the ground to see practices that are already being followed and are suitable before bringing the new ones. This will ensure that the appropriate climate-smart agricultural practices are promoted.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Air, Climate Change and Sustainability)
Open AccessArticle
Liaoning University ChopMelon Net Project: Innovative Research on Sustainable Education Based on Real Social Issues
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Xianghui Tian, Jia Liu and Yanlin Tang
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3781; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093781 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the ChopMelon Net online learning platform can contribute to the effectiveness of sustainable education by incorporating real social issues. The core innovation of ChopMelon Net is that it provides a learning environment that connects
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the ChopMelon Net online learning platform can contribute to the effectiveness of sustainable education by incorporating real social issues. The core innovation of ChopMelon Net is that it provides a learning environment that connects learners directly to real-world challenges and aims to enhance learners’ understanding of sustainable development theory. The study employed the technology acceptance model (TAM), theory of planned behavior (TPB), and knowledge–Behavior gap theory (KBGT) to design the questionnaires and semi-structured interviews in order to comprehensively assess the impact of ChopMelon Net on learners’ skill enhancement. The results showed that learners not only showed significant improvement in critical thinking and problem-solving skills after using ChopMelon Net, but also expressed a high level of satisfaction with the educational content and interactive experience provided by the platform. In addition, the study found that ChopMelon Net effectively promoted learners’ awareness of the importance of sustainable education and behavioral change through its innovative educational model, which provides important empirical support for future sustainable education practices and the design of online education platforms. This study highlights the importance and effectiveness of incorporating real social issues into the teaching and learning process, with far-reaching implications for sustainable innovation in education.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Education and Learning in the Context of the New Normal: Sustainable Development and the Path to Sustainability)
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Open AccessArticle
Human Reliability Analysis for Fishing Vessels in Korea Using Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM)
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Donghun Lee, Hyungju Kim, Kwiyeon Koo and Sooyeon Kwon
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3780; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093780 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a model designed to predict human error probability (HEP) in the context of fishing boat operations utilizing the cognitive reliability and error analysis method (CREAM). We conducted an analysis of potential accidents on fishing boats and calculated the
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In this paper, we introduce a model designed to predict human error probability (HEP) in the context of fishing boat operations utilizing the cognitive reliability and error analysis method (CREAM). We conducted an analysis of potential accidents on fishing boats and calculated the cognitive failure probability (CFP) for each identified accident. The common performance conditions (CPCs) from the original CREAM were adapted to better reflect the conditions on fishing boats, with the adapted CPCs’ validity confirmed through expert consultations. To apply CREAM, data were gathered via a survey of fishermen, with the uncertainty in the collected data addressed through the application of fuzzy set theory (FST). We then established a Bayesian network (BN) model to elucidate the relationship between the fuzzy data and HEP, utilizing a weighted sum algorithm to determine conditional probabilities within the BN. Both basic and extended versions of CREAM were applied to analyze the most common accidents among fishermen, calculating the CFP for each type of accident. According to our analysis, the poorer the dynamic CPC, the higher the probability that a fall accident will occur inside the boat due to human error, necessitating a countermeasure. The paper proposes safety enhancements for small fishing boats and illustrates the increased precision of human reliability analysis (HRA) models in forecasting human error by incorporating quantitative methods. It calls for further data collection and refinement of the model for more accurate operational risk assessments.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Maritime Transportation: Risk Management and Accident Analysis)
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Open AccessArticle
A Landscape Approach to Understanding Carbon Sequestration Assets at a State-Wide Scale for Sustainable Urban Planning
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Siqi Lai, Le Zhang, Yijun Zeng and Brian Deal
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3779; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093779 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
This study presents a refined approach to spatially identify carbon sequestration assets, crucial for effective climate action planning in Illinois. By integrating landscape analytical methods with species-specific carbon assessment techniques, we deliver a nuanced evaluation of forest area sequestration potential. Our methodology employs
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This study presents a refined approach to spatially identify carbon sequestration assets, crucial for effective climate action planning in Illinois. By integrating landscape analytical methods with species-specific carbon assessment techniques, we deliver a nuanced evaluation of forest area sequestration potential. Our methodology employs a combination of landscape imagery, deep learning analytics, Kriging interpolation, and i-Tree Planting tools to process forest sample data. The results reveal a spatial variability in sequestration capacities, highlighting significant carbon sinks in southern Illinois. This region, known for its historical woodland richness, showcases the distinct carbon sequestration abilities of various tree species. Findings emphasize the role of biodiversity in the carbon cycle and provide actionable insights for forest management and carbon neutral strategies. This study demonstrates the utility of advanced spatial analysis in environmental research, underscoring its potential to enhance accuracy in ecological quantification and conservation efforts.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Urban Planning Models and Effective Management Tools in Resilient Low-Carbon Cities: Issues, Methods and Innovations)
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Open AccessArticle
A Theoretical Framework to Promote LCA in the Construction Industry of Saudi Arabia
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M. Mobeen Shaukat, Muhammad Luqman, Muhammad Asif, S. Z. Shuja and Mohammed Qannan
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3778; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093778 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
The building and construction sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), experiencing rapid growth, is in the early stages of embracing sustainability measures. In the years ahead, the booming building sector in business-as-usual scenarios may pose serious energy and environmental challenges for
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The building and construction sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), experiencing rapid growth, is in the early stages of embracing sustainability measures. In the years ahead, the booming building sector in business-as-usual scenarios may pose serious energy and environmental challenges for the Kingdom. This situation will require the Saudi building sector to adopt robust sustainability measures. Embedding life cycle assessment (LCA) as a standard practice can be a useful strategy for improving the energy and environmental footprint of buildings. This paper proposes a theoretical framework within which to promote LCA in the Saudi Arabian construction industry. This framework comprises three pillars: policy, social, and technical. The framework covers the role of the Saudi building sector’s stakeholders such as policy makers, building industry professionals, representatives of relevant governmental bodies, and academics. Adaptation of this LCA framework can help substantially improve the energy and environmental performance of buildings. The proposed LCA framework is aligned with the international as well as the Saudi government’s drive for sustainability in the building sector.
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(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
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Treasures of Italian Microbial Culture Collections: An Overview of Preserved Biological Resources, Offered Services and Know-How, and Management
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Marino Moretti, Jacopo Tartaglia, Gian Paolo Accotto, Maria Serena Beato, Valentina Bernini, Annamaria Bevivino, Maria Beatrice Boniotti, Marilena Budroni, Pietro Buzzini, Stefania Carrara, Federica Cerino, Clementina Elvezia Cocuzza, Roberta Comunian, Sofia Cosentino, Antonio d‘Acierno, Paola De Dea, Laura Garzoli, Maria Gullo, Silvia Lampis, Antonio Moretti, Alda Natale, Giancarlo Perrone, Anna Maria Persiani, Iolanda Perugini, Monica Pitti, Annarita Poli, Antonino Pollio, Anna Reale, Annamaria Ricciardi, Cristiana Sbrana, Laura Selbmann, Luca Settanni, Solveig Tosi, Benedetta Turchetti, Paola Visconti, Mirca Zotti and Giovanna Cristina Vareseadd
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Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3777; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093777 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Microorganisms, microbiomes, and their products (e.g., enzymes, metabolites, antibiotics, etc.) are key players in the functioning of both natural and anthropized Earth ecosystems; they can be exploited for both research purposes and biotechnological applications, including fighting the big challenges of our era, such
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Microorganisms, microbiomes, and their products (e.g., enzymes, metabolites, antibiotics, etc.) are key players in the functioning of both natural and anthropized Earth ecosystems; they can be exploited for both research purposes and biotechnological applications, including fighting the big challenges of our era, such as climate change. Culture collections (CCs) and microbial Biological Resource Centres (mBRCs) are repositories of microorganisms that investigate and safeguard biodiversity and facilitate the scientific and industrial communities’ access to microbial strains and related know-how by providing external users with skills and services. Considering this, CCs and mBRCs are pivotal institutions for the valorisation of microorganisms, the safeguarding of life, and the fostering of excellent bioscience. The aim of this review is to present the state-of-the-art of Italian CCs and mBRCs, highlighting strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities. Italy is, indeed, a hotspot of microbial biodiversity with a high rate of endemism and incredible potential, not only for the food and beverage sector (i.e., “Made in Italy” products), where microorganisms can have a beneficial or a spoiling function, but also to guarantee environmental sustainability and foster the bioeconomy through the design of new bioprocesses and products. However, weaknesses, such as the lack of management rules in accordance with international quality standards, are also analysed and ways of overcoming them are discussed. In this context, an overview is given of the Joint Research Unit MIRRI-IT and the European-funded SUS-MIRRI.IT project, which aims to improve the management and sustainability of Italian microbial collections, and serves as a starting point for an innovative revolution in the context of CCs and mBRCs worldwide.
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(This article belongs to the Topic Mediterranean Biodiversity)
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Open AccessArticle
Analysis of the Coupling Coordination between the Ecosystem Service Value and Urbanization in the Circum-Bohai-Sea Region and Its Obstacle Factors
by
Wensheng Yu and Wei Yu
Sustainability 2024, 16(9), 3776; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093776 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
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In light of the tremendous pressure for improving urbanization levels and expanding construction land on ecosystems, regional sustainable development is premised on the coordinated development of the ecological environment and urbanization. This paper focuses on the Circum-Bohai-Sea Region and assesses the ecosystem service
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In light of the tremendous pressure for improving urbanization levels and expanding construction land on ecosystems, regional sustainable development is premised on the coordinated development of the ecological environment and urbanization. This paper focuses on the Circum-Bohai-Sea Region and assesses the ecosystem service value (ESV) and urbanization level using the equivalence factor and entropy-weighted TOPSIS methods. Based on these assessments, it examines the coupling coordination between the ESV and urbanization as well as the obstacles to this coordination, utilizing the coupling coordination degree model, spatial autocorrelation model, and obstacle model. The results revealed several key findings. First, the Circum-Bohai-Sea Region experienced a continuous improvement in the urbanization level from 2005 to 2020, which presented a “center–periphery” spatial pattern. Overall, the ESV exhibited an N-shaped trend, namely, initially increasing, then decreasing, and then rapidly increasing. The ESV per unit of area exhibited a spatial difference, with the boundary of Baoding and Cangzhou as the dividing line. The ESV per unit of area in the northern parts was higher than that in the southern parts. Second, the degree of the coupling coordination between the ESV and urbanization exhibited an inverted U-shaped trend, initially increasing and then slightly decreasing. It also exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, with the degree of the coupling coordination in the northern parts being higher than that in the southern parts and that in the central parts being higher than those in the eastern and western parts. Additionally, the ESV showed a significant spatially positive correlation with urbanization. H-H clusters were predominantly found in central and southern Liaoning Province, while L-L clusters were primarily located in southern Hebei Province and western Shandong Province. Third, the obstacle factors remained stable during the study period. The top five obstacles in the ESV system were the water resource supply, nutrient cycling maintenance, raw material production, aesthetic landscape, and food production. Moreover, the top five obstacles in the urbanization system were the number of college students per 10,000 people, population density, number of health technical personnel per 10,000 people, per capita road area, and proportion of secondary and tertiary industry output values.
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